Alparslan Buyuk Seljuk Episode 11 English Subtitle Free | আল্প আর্সালান বুয়ুক সেলজুক ভলিউম ১১ বাংলা সাবটাইটেল
Alparslan Buyuk Seljuk Episode 11 English Subtitle Free | আল্প আর্সালান বুয়ুক সেলজুক ভলিউম ১১ বাংলা সাবটাইটেল
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The Seljuk Empire under Alp Arslan, 1063–72
Alparslan Buyuk Seljuk Episode 11 English Subtitle Free | আল্প আর্সালান বুয়ুক সেলজুক ভলিউম ১১ বাংলা সাবটাইটেল With his dual victories over Christendom at Ani and Manzikert, it is not surprising that both Muslim and Christian sources portray Alp Arslan as a religiously motivated warrior for Islam.
Matthew of Edessa, for instance, describes him as ‘the venomous serpent of the Persians’, and in phrases reminiscent of Aristakes calls him ‘the instrument of divine wrath’ who ‘spread the flaming fire of death to all the Christian faithful and filled all Armenia with blood, the sword and enslavement’. Alparslan Buyuk Seljuk Episode 11 English Subtitle Free | আল্প আর্সালান বুয়ুক সেলজুক ভলিউম ১১ বাংলা সাবটাইটেল
188 Matthew records how, on the conquest of Ani, the great silver cross on the cathedral was taken and placed on the entrance to the mosque of Nakhchivan for believers to step on in contempt.189 Sibt b. al-J awzi mentions similar stories of the desecration of crosses,
190 suggesting a policy of deliberately stressing the jihad element of these campaigns. For Ibn al-A thir, meanwhile, these military victories were not the sole cause for celebration. The sultan was a man who acted piously in accordance with the precepts of Islam, giving alms to the poor, was fond of having histories of past kings and their behaviour read out to him, and was solicitous in preventing his soldiers from plundering his subjects’ property.
191 In reality, like Tughrıl, Alp Arslan had his price: Matthew of Edessa also relates how the Armenian king of Kars managed to buy off Alp Arslan’s threatened attack by offering vassalage, cash and a lavish banquet.192 Even for his Muslim subjects, the experience of Alp Arslan’s rule was nothing like as appealing as Ibn al- Athir portrays, judging by the account of the contempo- rary Baghdadi diarist Ibn al-B anna’. In a letter to the caliph, Ibn al-B anna’ lamented the injustice of his age:
As for the learned men, no word of theirs is heard, nor is any order of theirs obeyed. As for the virtuous men, they silently keep to their homes. As for those who are trustworthy officials, to whom the virtuous men complain of the trouble which they experience for the sake of religion, they lighten its burden upon them, and exert their efforts in good causes, either by that which they remove, or by that which they do.
Some of them have died and passed on to God – to Whom might and majesty belong! – may God be pleased with them, and others wait. They have already become the targets of the oppressors, who pursue them in their dependents, in their possessions, and in their affairs. Thus they have become preoccupied with themselves away from all occurrences and affliction. Alparslan Buyuk Seljuk Episode 11 English Subtitle Free | আল্প আর্সালান বুয়ুক সেলজুক ভলিউম ১১ বাংলা সাবটাইটেল
193 This passage does not ascribe blame for the oppression and injustice, but other passages in Ibn al- Banna’s diary suggest that he held the Seljuks respon- sible. The terror that might be inspired merely by rumours of the sultan’s approach to Baghdad with his army is described:
An announcement was made on the west bank [of Baghdad] to the effect that whoever owns a shop, and other property which may be plundered, should move it and keep himself in a state of preparation, on account of what has been rumoured concerning the arrival of the King [Alp Arslan]; for he has armies with him whose quartering in residences cannot be trusted. Alparslan Buyuk Seljuk Episode 11 English Subtitle Free | আল্প আর্সালান বুয়ুক সেলজুক ভলিউম ১১ বাংলা সাবটাইটেল
On hearing the announcement, the people became greatly disturbed. Such rapacity was practiced not only by ordinary soldiers, but by high- ranking Seljuk officials. Ibn al-B anna’ records one attempt by Alp Arslan to admonish his governor of Baghdad: A good written decision, regarding the Muslims, was issued by the Sultan – May God make mighty His assistance to him! The ‘Amid [Seljuk governor of Baghdad] was ordered to desist from molesting the Muslims, and to refrain from what he was demanding of them by way of house- rents for past years, and other such schemes. He would say to them:
You are foreign residents in the houses of the Turks, and I want the rent from you!’, and similar demands, such as mattresses and other things.195 Especially striking is the ‘amīd ’s pride in his status as a Turk, and his con- tempt for the settled population of Baghdad, the ‘foreign residents’ in the Turks’ rightful property. Such attitudes were not easily overcome.
On the one hand, Ibn al-B anna’ does confirm Ibn al-A thir’s stories of Alp Arslan trying to rein in his soldiery, through a ‘written decision’, itself suggesting the growing ureaucratisation of aspects of the Seljuk state. On the other hand, it seems that the ‘amīd ’s arbitrary imposition of taxes and seizure of property was common practice, for Sibt b.
al-J awzi also refers to Alp Arslan’s vain efforts to control the rapacity of his Turkish officials.196 This picture is confirmed by sources dealing with Isfahan, which also reveal discontent with arbitrary and exorbitant levels of taxation.197 In many ways, then, Alp Arslan’s reign represents continuity with Tughrıl’s.
Alongside lip- service to the precepts of Islamic rulership, the sultan continued to act much as a nomadic chief, seeking to defeat not just the infidel enemies of Islam but also rivals within his own family, and to consolidate his authority not just over the Seljuks’ newly conquered lands but also over his Türkmen subjects. Alparslan Buyuk Seljuk Episode 11 English Subtitle Free | আল্প আর্সালান বুয়ুক সেলজুক ভলিউম ১১ বাংলা সাবটাইটেল
[…] The earlier parts of Sanjar’s reign in some respects represented the second zenith of Seljuk rule, marked by successful campaigns across Central Asia and a flourishing intellectual and cultural life at his oasis capital of Merv, but the sultan was unable to assert direct control of the west. Sanjar was obliged to recognize the Sultanate of Iraq under Muhammad Tapar’s descendants as vassals holding the title of sultan.7 From the death of Muhammad, then, we are dealing with two Seljuk sultans concurrently: the senior one, Sanjar (al- sul†ān al- a‘Õam), and the junior Sultan of Iraq (al- sul†ān al- mu‘aÕÕam). [Watch Now] […]